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Activated carbon is a carbon material activated by physical or chemical methods. It has a rich pore structure and a huge specific surface area, so it exhibits a strong adsorption capacity. According to the pore size, activated carbon can be divided into three types: microporous, mesoporous and macroporous:

1. Microporous activated carbon (≤2nm)

Features and performance: Microporous activated carbon has a very high surface area, usually between 500 and 1500 square meters per gram, so it has a strong adsorption capacity. The pore size of this type of activated carbon is very small, usually less than 2 nanometers, and can adsorb very small gas molecules in the air and some tiny pollutants in the water.

Application fields:

① Air purification: Microporous activated carbon is widely used in air purifiers to adsorb harmful gases such as formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia, etc.

②Water treatment: In water treatment, microporous activated carbon can remove organic pollutants and some trace heavy metal ions in water.

③Desulfurization and denitrification: In industrial processes, microporous activated carbon is used to remove sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from flue gas to reduce air pollution.

Advantages and disadvantages:

Advantages: Large adsorption capacity, can effectively remove extremely small pollutants in air and water.

Disadvantages: Slow adsorption speed, because the molecules need to enter the tiny pores one by one, the adsorption process is relatively time-consuming.

2.Mesoporous activated carbon (2-50nm)

Features and performance: The pore size of mesoporous activated carbon is between 2 and 50 nanometers, and the porosity is relatively high. Although its surface area and adsorption capacity are slightly lower than those of microporous activated carbon, it still has strong adsorption capacity. The mesoporous structure enables it to adsorb larger molecules more quickly while maintaining a larger adsorption capacity to a certain extent.

Application areas:

① Catalyst carrier: Due to the large pore size of mesoporous activated carbon, it can be used as a catalyst carrier to provide sufficient surface area and a suitable pore environment to enhance the catalytic effect.

② Gas adsorption: In gas separation and purification, mesoporous activated carbon is used to adsorb larger molecular gases, such as methane and ethane.

③ Liquid adsorption: Mesoporous activated carbon is also used for liquid adsorption, such as in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, to remove impurities from liquids.

Advantages and disadvantages:

Advantages: Fast adsorption speed, suitable for adsorption of larger molecules.

Disadvantages: The adsorption capacity is slightly lower than that of microporous activated carbon, but it still has considerable adsorption performance.

3.Macroporous activated carbon (>50nm)

Features and performance: The pore size of macroporous activated carbon is greater than 50 nanometers, with a lower specific surface area and adsorption capacity, but its biggest advantage is its fast adsorption speed, which is suitable for processing large volumes and high flow rates of gas and liquid.

Application areas:

① Filtration and separation: Macroporous activated carbon is often used in industrial filtration and separation processes, and can quickly process large flows of fluids.

② Gaseous adsorption and desorption: In gaseous adsorption and desorption applications, macroporous activated carbon can quickly adsorb and release gases, and is suitable for processes such as pressure swing adsorption.

③ Industrial catalysis: The macroporous structure helps the rapid diffusion of reactants and the timely discharge of products in catalytic reactions, thereby improving reaction efficiency.

Advantages and Disadvantages:

Advantages: Fast adsorption speed, suitable for high flow rate and large volume treatment.

Disadvantages: Relatively low adsorption capacity, small surface area, limited scope of application.